Page 65 - Työpoliittinen aikakauskirja 2 2017

Työpoliittinen aikakauskirja 2/2017
English Summaries
Ministry of Labour (took place in 1989), mobility allowances (1964), training allowances (1960) and unemployment bene ts (in the beginning of 1960s). The role of the state became more important in the 1940s, but the administrative organization was relatively confusing with three ministries sharing responsibilities. In the 1950s the so called spade line (or roadworks line) was in central position in labour market policy. These public works o ered for unemployed persons were organized both by the state and the munic- ipalities. In the 1960s the opening of the Finnish economy demanded new investments in order to build a competitive production structure. This demanded labour force mobility, education and training, which were important at that time.
Active labour market policy influences reached Finland both via the OECD and directly from Sweden. In the 1970s employment services were developed and the role of the traditional spade line diminished further. But still in the 1988 employment law the “time of the tricks” was continuing and public works and subsidized employment was again in the central position. This was nally made impossible in the reces- sion of the 1990s.
New ways of thinking were developed in the 1990s, e.g. the relationship between the unem- ployed persons and the state was de ned as being full-time job-search. The role of labour market dynamics was also more important than before as well as de nition of rights and obliga- tions. In the 2000s several policy reforms have taken place. Unemployment bene ts have been reformed several times, as the active policy, and especially the organization implementing the policy on local and regional level. Digital ser- vices have been developed gradually, rst for the employers and much later for the job-seekers. It is also important to note that digital services were developed partially as a reaction to heavy cuts in PES sta ng. In 2019 the state-driven labour market policy is about to come to an end as new regional councils will take over the responsibility in implementing and organizing
labour market policy. These growth services will be provided by the private sector mostly.
Probably the most important lesson from the Finnish labour market policy history is the observation on the varying cycles of policy ideas and policy practices. Modern ideas with sophisti- cated plans have been developed, but policy prac- tices have several times taken place much later in time. The coordination of economic policy and labour market policy has not been optimal, but each time the Finnish government makes struc- tural policy decisions – the labour market and labour market policy is in the core of the matter.
From parish registers to web data collec- tion and real-time registers – statistics on the labour force from the 18th century to the present day
Marianne Keyriläinen, Master of Social Sci- ence, Senior Statistician; Liisa Larja, Master of Social Science, Senior Statistician;
Aura Pasila, Master of Social Science, Senior Statistician; Netta Hiitola, Master of Science (Econ.) & Master of Social Sciences, Senior Statistician, Statistics Finland (all authors)
This article discusses the history of labour market statistics produced by Statistics Finland. Data concerning the labour markets is currently produced in three statistics: Statistics Finland produces the Labour Force Survey (LFS) and the Employment Statistics, and the Ministry of Economic A airs and Employment produces the Employment Service Statistics.
Employment Service Statistics originate from 1907, when employment services began to col- lect data on the unemployed jobseekers and job vacancies. The statistics are still produced by the Ministry of Economic A airs and Employment and it provides, for example, data on the num- ber of unemployed job seekers by municipality.
The Labour Force Inquiry (now known as the Labour Force Survey) originates from the need to acquire more speci c information on the labour markets. The inquiry was established in 1959. Ten years later the inquiry was moved to
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